all Python 3codecsfunction

codecs.xmlcharrefreplace_errors()

error handlers

The 'xmlcharrefreplace' error handler: replaces an unencodable character with an HTML/XML reference like Ж. It works only for encoding.

Syntax

codecs.xmlcharrefreplace_errors(exception)

Handy for producing HTML in a narrow encoding: the browser still shows the right character. It does not work for decoding at all: bytes.decode(..., 'xmlcharrefreplace') raises TypeError. The reference is decimal, not named: 'Ж' becomes Ж, not &Zhcy;. In plain text rather than HTML such references mean nothing to a reader.

Examples

print('Ж€'.encode('latin-1', 'xmlcharrefreplace'))  # → b'Ж€'
try:
    b'\xff'.decode('utf-8', 'xmlcharrefreplace')
except TypeError:
    print('only for encoding')  # → only for encoding

See also

Common errors

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